August 2026 · 8 min read
Loan Officer Document Checklist 2026: Every Document by Borrower Type
Missing one document can push a closing by days or weeks. This checklist covers every document loan officers need to collect from borrowers, title companies and realtors, organised by borrower type so nothing gets missed.
Standard W-2 borrower documents
For salaried employees with straightforward income, this is the baseline checklist. Most lenders and underwriters require all of the following before the file can move to underwriting.
Identity
- Government-issued photo ID (driver's license or passport)
- Social Security card or ITIN documentation
Income
- W-2s for the last 2 years (all employers)
- Pay stubs covering the last 30 days
- Employment verification letter (if recently started a new job)
Assets
- Bank statements for all accounts (last 2–3 months)
- Proof of down payment source (if not from savings)
- Gift letter and supporting bank records (if part of down payment is a gift)
- Investment or retirement account statements (last 2 months)
Property
- Signed purchase and sale agreement
- Homeowner's insurance binder or declarations page
- HOA documents (if applicable)
Self-employed borrower documents
Self-employed files take longer because income verification is more involved. These documents are in addition to the standard identity, asset and property documents above.
Self-employed income
- Personal tax returns / Form 1040 (last 2 years, all schedules)
- Business tax returns (last 2 years, Form 1120, 1120S or 1065 depending on entity type)
- Year-to-date profit and loss statement (prepared by a CPA)
- Business bank statements (last 2–3 months)
- CPA letter confirming the business is active and the borrower's ownership percentage
- 1099s (last 2 years, if applicable)
VA loan additional documents
VA-specific
- Certificate of Eligibility (COE)
- DD-214 discharge papers (if no longer on active duty)
- Statement of service (if currently on active duty)
- VA funding fee documentation
FHA loan additional documents
FHA-specific
- Explanation letter for any credit inquiries in the last 90 days
- Proof of payment history for rent (12 months) if not currently mortgaged
- Gift letter compliant with FHA guidelines if gift funds are used
Documents to collect from title company / escrow
Title and escrow
- Title commitment / title binder
- Title insurance policy (owner's and lender's)
- Payoff statement for any existing mortgage
- HOA estoppel letter (if applicable)
- Survey (if required by the lender)
- Flood determination certificate
- Wire instructions
- Settlement statement / HUD-1 or ALTA
- Closing disclosure (must be received by borrower 3 business days before closing)
Documents to collect from the realtor
Realtor / real estate agent
- Executed purchase and sale agreement
- All addenda and amendments
- Seller disclosure forms
- Home inspection report
- Repair request and seller's response
- Earnest money deposit confirmation
- HOA documents and meeting minutes (if applicable)
- Condominium approval documents (if applicable)
Common explanation letters (LOX) loan officers request
Underwriters frequently require explanation letters for anything that looks unusual in the file. The most common triggers:
Explanation letters
- Large deposits in bank statements (any deposit over roughly $200–$500 not from a regular paycheck)
- Gaps in employment history (especially any gap longer than 30 days)
- Recent credit inquiries (anything within the last 90 days)
- Late payments or derogatory marks on credit report
- Recent address changes or multiple addresses on record
- Non-arm's-length transactions (buying from a family member or employer)
How to stop chasing these documents manually
The problem with this checklist is not knowing what's on it. The challenge is collecting everything before your closing deadline. Borrowers forget. Title companies are busy. Realtors are juggling multiple transactions.
CaseCaddy automates the follow-up. You add a case, select the documents needed from each party, and the system sends and chases automatically, every two, three or seven days, until each item is received. Every reminder is logged. Every party only sees the items they need to provide. Reminders stop as soon as something is marked received.
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CaseCaddy chases borrowers, title companies and realtors automatically so you can focus on closing. $49/month, unlimited cases.
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